mulsi N N

* * *

* * *

* * *

* * *

autem, conj. [v. aut init. ], on the other hand, but, yet, however, nevertheless; sometimes an emphasized and (it is never found at the beginning of a clause, but after one or more words; v. fin.; like at, it joins to a preceding thought a new one, either entirely antithetical or simply different; it differs from the restricting sed in like manner with at; v. at init., and cf.: [Popilius imperator tenebat provinciam;

in cujus exercitu Catonis filius tiro militabat. Cum autem Popilio videretur unam dimittere legionem, Catonis quoque filium... dimisit. Sed cum amore pugnandi in exercitu permansisset, Cato ad Popilium scripsit, etc.],

Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 B. and K. (most freq. in philos. lang.; rare in the histt., being used by Caes. only 59 times, by Sall. 23, and by Tac. 31; and very rare in the poets).

In joining an entirely antithetical thought, on the contrary, but = at quidem, at vero, se sê, esp. freq. with the pronouns ego, tu, ille, qui, etc.:

Ait se obligāsse crus fractum Aesculapio, Apollini autem bracchium,

Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 9:

Nam injusta ab justis impetrari non decet, Justa autem ab injustis petere insipientiast,

id. Am. prol. 35:

ego hic cesso, quia ipse nihil scribo: lego autem libentissime,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22; id. de Or. 1, 25, 115; Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 43: i sane cum illo, Phrygia;

tu autem, Eleusium, Huc intro abi ad nos,

id. Aul. 2, 5, 7; id. Capt. 2, 3, 4; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 58; id. Mil. 4, 4, 13; id. Ep. 5, 2, 7; Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:

mihi ad enarrandum hoc argumentumst comitas, Si ad auscultandum vostra erit benignitas. Qui autem auscultare nolit, exsurgat foras,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 3; so id. Ep. 2, 2, 95; id. Capt. 3, 4, 24:

Quid tu aïs, Gnatho? Numquid habes quod contemnas? Quid tu autem, Thraso?

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 22: e principio oriuntur omnia;

ipsum autem nullā ex re aliā nasci potest,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54.—

In joining a thought that is simply different.

In gen., on the other hand, but, moreover.

Absol., as the Gr. se:

Vehit hic clitellas, vehit hic autem alter senex,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 91:

cum Speusippum, sororis filium, Plato philosophiae quasi heredem reliquisset, duo autem praestantissimos studio atque doctrinā, Xenocratem Chalcedonium et Aristotelem Stagiritem, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 17; id. Off. 1, 5, 16:

Alexandrum consultum, cui relinqueret regnum, voluisse optimum deligi, judicatum autem ab ipso optimum Perdiccam, cui anulum tradidisset,

Curt. 10, 6, 16:

Atque haec in moribus. De benevolentiā autem, quam etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46 sq.; 1, 23, 81: Sed poëtae quid quemque deceat ex personā judicabunt;

nobis autem personam imposuit natura etc.,

id. ib. 1, 28, 97; 1, 28, 98; 1, 43, 152: Quod semper movetur aeternum est;

quod autem motum adfert alicui etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53; 1, 28, 68 sq.; 1, 30, 74; 1, 36, 87.—So sometimes when one conditional sentence is opposed to another, si—sin autem, in Gr. ei men— ei se:

Nam si supremus ille dies non exstinctionem, sed commutationem adfert loci, quid optabilius? Sin autem etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; 1, 49, 118 al.—In adducing an example of a rule:

Et Demosthenes autem ad Aeschinem orationem in prooemio convertit, et M. Tullius etc.,

Quint. 4, 1, 66 Spald.;

also in passing from a particular to a general thought: Et sane plus habemus quam capimus. Insatiabilis autem avaritia est etc.,

Curt. 8, 8, 12.—

Preceded by quidem, as in Gr. men—se (perh. most freq. in Cicero's philosophical works, under the influence of Greek style): Et haec quidem hoc modo;

nihil autem melius extremo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:

Sed nunc quidem valetudini tribuamus aliquid, cras autem etc.,

id. ib. 1, 49, 119; id. Off. 1, 7, 24; and thus in Tac. several times, but only in Ann. and Or.: bene intellegit ceteros quidem iis niti... Marcellum autem et Crispum attulisse etc., Or. 8; 18 bis; 25; A. 3, 53; 3, 73;

4, 28.—So often in transitions from one subject to another: Ac de inferendā quidem injuriā satis dictum est. Praetermittendae autem defensionis etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27 sq.; 1, 13, 41; 1, 45, 160.—So very often in Vulg. in direct reproduction of men—se: Ego quidem baptizo vos in aquā in paenitentiam; qui autem post me etc., Matt. 3, 11; 9, 37; 13, 23; 13, 32; 17, 11 sq.; 23, 28; 25, 33; 26, 24. —

Esp.

In any kind of transition:

M. Antonius in eo libro, quem unum reliquit, disertos ait se vidisse multos, eloquentem omnino neminem. Vir autem acerrimo ingenio (sic enim fuit) multa etc.,

Cic. Or. 5, 18:

hic (pater) prout ipse amabat litteras, omnibus doctrinis, quibus puerilis aetas impertiri debet, filium erudivit: erat autem in puero summa suavitas oris,

Nep. Att. 1, 2;

also in questions: Quid autem magno opere Oppianicum metuebat, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 60, 167. Freq. several times repeated:

Expetuntur autem divitiae cum ad usus vitae necessarios, tum ad perfruendas voluptates: in quibus autem major est animus, in iis pecuniae cupiditas spectat ad opes, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 8, 24 and 25; cf. Wopkens, Lectt. Tull. pp. 53 and 122: Orbis situm dicere adgredior... Dicam autem alias plura et exactius, Mel. prooem. 2.—

In repeating a word from a previous clause, in continuing a train of thought:

admoneri me satis est: admonebit autem nemo alius nisi rei publicae tempus,

Cic. Pis. 38, 94: disces quam diu voles;

tam diu autem velle debebis, quoad etc.,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

nunc quod agitur, agamus: agitur autem, liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus,

id. Phil. 11, 10, 24. —So esp. in impassioned discourse, Plant. Mil. 3, 1, 84:

humanum amare est, humanum autem ignoscere est,

id. Merc. 2, 2, 48; id. Ps. 4, 8, 1:

quot potiones mulsi! quot autem prandia!

id. Stich. 1, 3, 68; id. Ep. 5, 2, 6:

quā pulchritudine urbem, quibus autem opibus praeditam, servitute oppressam tenuit civitatem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57.—

Like sed, vero, igitur, etc., in resuming a train of thought interrupted by a parenthesis:

Omnino illud honestum, quod ex animo excelso magnificoque quaerimus, animi efficitur non corporis viribus: exercendum tamen corpus et ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire consilio rationique possit in exsequendis negotiis et in labore tolerando: honestum autem id, quod exquirimus, totum est positum in animi curā, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 23, 79; 1, 43, 153.—

In introducing a parenthetical clause itself: quae autem nos ut recta aut recte facta dicamus, si placet (illi autem appellant katorthômata) omnes numeros virtutis continent, Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 24:

quod vitium effugere qui volet (omnes autem velle debent) adhibebit etc.,

id. Off. 1, 6, 18; 1, 33, 120; id. Tusc. 1, 33, 80; 1, 36, 88:

In primis foedera ac leges (erant autem eae duodecim tabuiae et quaedam regiae leges) conquiri etc.,

Liv. 6, 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 2:

ex hoc Quodcumque est (minus est autem quam rhetoris aera) Discipuli custos praemordet,

Juv. 7, 217.—

In enumerations, for the purpose of adding an important circumstance:

magnus dicendi labor, magna res, magna dignitas, summa autem gratia,

but, and indeed, Cic. Mur. 13, 29:

animis omnes tenduntur insidiae... vel ab eā, quae penitus in omni sensu implicata insidet, imitatrix boni, voluptas, malorum autem mater omnium,

yea, the parent of all evil, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; id. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

docet ratio mathematicorum, luna quantum absit a proxumā Mercurii stellā, multo autem longius a Veneris,

id. Div. 2, 43, 91.—

In the syllogism, to introduce the minor proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor; cf. atque, IV. 9., and atqui, II. D.), now, but; but now:

Aut hoc, aut illud: hoc autem non, igitur illud. Itemque: aut hoc, aut illud: non autem hoc: illud igitur,

Cic. Top. 14, 56:

Si lucet, lucet: lucet autem, lucet igitur,

id. Ac. 2, 30, 96:

Si dicis te mentiri verumque dicis, mentiris: dicis autem te mentiri verumque dicis: mentiris igitur,

id. ib.; id. Top. 2, 9; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47.—

Like the Gr. se or sê in adding an emphatic question (freq. in the comic poets), but, indeed.

In gen.:

Quem te autem deum nominem?

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 126:

Perii: quid hoc autemst mali?

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5:

Quī istuc? Quae res te sollicitat autem?

id. Heaut. 2, 3, 10:

Quae autem divina? Vigere, sapere, invenire, meminisse,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65: Quo modo autem moveri animus ad appetendum potest, si id, quod videtur, non percipitur? pôs sê, id. Ac. 2, 8, 25:

Quo modo autem tibi placebit JOVEM LAPIDEM jurare, cum scias etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

Veni ad Caesarem: quis est autem Caesar?

Flor. 3, 10, 11.—So in exclamations:

Quantā delectatione autem adficerer, cum etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 98.—

In questions implying rebuke, reproach: Ba. Metuo credere. Ps. Credere autem? eho, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 70: Th. Ego non tangam meam? Ch. Tuam autem, furcifer? yours do you say? yours indeed! Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28.—

In a question where a correction is made: Num quis testis Postumum appellavit? testis autem? ( witness did I say?) num accusator? Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 10:

Alio me vocat numerosa gloria tua: alio autem? quasi vero etc.,

Plin. Pan. 28:

Quid tandem isti mali in tam tenerā insulā non fecissent? non fecissent autem? imo quid ante adventum meum non fecerunt?

Cic. Att. 6, 2; 5, 13; 7, 1: Adimas etiam Hispanias? Et si inde cessero, in Africam transcendes. Transcendes autem dico? Liv. 21, 44, 7 Weissenb.—

And in questions sed autem are sometimes both used, especially by the comic poets, but indeed, but now, like the Gr. alla—se Alla pou se boulei kathezomenoi anagnômen; Plat. Phaedr. 228 E.):

Sed autem quid si hanc hinc apstulerit quispiam Sacram urnam Veneris?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 15;

and separated: Sed quid haec hic autem tam diu ante aedīs stetit?

id. Truc. 2, 3, 14:

Attat Phaedriae Pater venit. Sed quid pertimui autem, belua?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 11: Sed quid ego haec autem nequiquam ingrata revolvo? * Verg. A. 2, 101.—Once ast autem: ast autem tenui [p. 212] quae candent lumine Phatnae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1170 P. (IV. 2, p. 555 Orell.).—

With interjections:

Heia autem inimicos!

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 20:

Ecce autem litigium,

but lo! id. Men. 5, 2, 34; so id. Curc. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 2, 1, 35; id. Mil. 2, 2, 48; id. Most. 3, 1, 131; 3, 1, 146:

Ecce autem alterum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 6 Ruhnk.:

Ecce autem subitum divortium,

Cic. Clu. 5, 14; so id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; id. Leg. 1, 2, 5; id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; id. Or. 9, 30:

Ecce autem aliud minus dubium,

Liv. 7, 35, 10:

Eccere autem capite nutat,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 52; so id. Pers. 2, 4, 29:

eccui autem non proditur [revertenti]?

Cic. Mur. 33, 68.

placed after the first word of a clause; but if several words, a subst. and prep., the verb esse with the predicate, a word with a negative, etc., together form one idea, then autem stands after the second or third word. But the poets, especially the comic poets, allow themselves greater liberty, and sometimes place this particle, without any necessity in the nature of the clause, in the third, fourth, or fifth place; but autem is never found in good writers at the beginning of a clause or sentence; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 39. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 558-588.

dōs, ōtis ( gen. plur. dotium, Dig. 23, 3, 9, § 1 al.;

dotum,

Val. Max. 4, 4, 11; Tert. Cult. Fem. 2, 9), f. [1. do, like the Sicilian dôtinê, from didonai, Varr. L. L. 5, § 175 Müll.], a marriage portion, dowry (for syn. cf.: donum, largitio, munus, donatio, etc.).

Prop., Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 209; id. Ep. 2, 1, 11 [p. 612] et saep.; Ter. And. 5, 4, 47; id. Heaut. 5, 1, 64 sq. al.; Cic. Caecin. 25 fin.; id. Fl. 35; id. Att. 14, 13, 5; Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 1; Hor. S. 1, 2, 131; id. Ep. 1, 6, 36 et saep.—Cf. on the legal regulations respecting the dos and the t. t. used in them (dotis datio, dictio, promissio, etc.), Cod. Just. 5, 12; Dig. 23, 3 tit.:

De jure dotium,

Just. Inst. 2, 7, 3; Cod. Just. 5, 15: De dote cauta, non numerata; id. 5, 11: De dotis promissione et nuda pollicitatione; Dig. 33, 4 tit.: De dote praelegata; ib. 37, 7: De dotis collatione; cf. Rein's Privatr. p. 194 sq. —

Transf., a gift, endowment, talent, property, quality (freq. since the Aug. per.; cf.:

indoles, ingenium, facultates, virtutes): (juris civilis) artem verborum dote locupletasti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

vinearum (pedamenta, vimina),

Col. 4, 30, 1; cf.

praediorum,

Dig. 33, 7, 2; ib. 20, § 3:

magnae uvarum,

Col. 3, 2, 17; cf.:

omnis unionum,

Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 112:

mulsi,

id. 22, 24, 50, § 108:

aquatilium,

id. 32, 11, 53, § 142:

formae,

Ov. M. 9, 717; cf.

oris,

id. ib. 5, 562:

corporis,

id. ib. 583:

ingenii (opp. bona corporis),

id. A. A. 2, 112; so Curt. 3, 6, 20:

corporis,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

corporis animique dotes,

Suet. Tit. 3; cf.:

naturae fortunaeque,

Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 4:

omnes belli et togae,

Vell. 1, 12, 3 et saep.: silvarum dotes, the delights, i. e. the chase, Grat. Cyn. 252:

est quoque carminibus meritas celebrare puellas Dos mea,

my gift, Ov. Am. 1, 10, 60:

infelix perii dotibus ipse meis,

id. Pont. 2, 7, 48:

dos erat ille (sc. Phaon) loci,

the ornament, id. H. 15, 146:

teneritas in dote (est),

is highly prized, Plin. 19, 8, 41, § 141.

fĭdēlĭa, ae, f., an earthen vessel, pot.

In gen., Col. 12, 58, 1; 12, 13, 2;

for wine: tumet alba fidelia vino,

Pers. 3, 22;

in paronomasia with Fides: O Fides, mulsi plenam faciam tibi fideliam,

id. Aul. 4, 2, 15.—

Esp., a pail of whitewash. — Prov.: de eadem fidelia duos parietes dealbare, i. e. to kill two birds with one stone, to reach two ends by one action, Cur. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29 fin.

G, g, indecl. n. or (on account of littera) f., had originally no place in the Latin alphabet: both the sharp and the flat guttural mutes, our k and g sounds, being represented by C; hence on the Columna Rostrata LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, (pu)CNANDOD, PVCN(ad), CARTACINIENSIS, for legiones, etc.; hence, too, the archaic form ACETARE for agitare (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 23 Müll. N. cr.), and the still common abbreviation of the names Gaius and Gneus in C and Cn.—At a later period (acc. to Plut. Qu. Rom. p. 277 D and 278 E, by means of a freedman of Spurius Carvilius Ruga, about the beginning of the second Punic war) a slight graphic alteration was made in the C, which introduced into the Roman orthography the letter G (on the old monuments C); thus we have in the S. C. de Bacchanal.: MAGISTER, MAGISTRATVM, FIGIER, GNOSCIER, AGRO; on the other hand, the orthography GNAIVOD PATRE PROGNATVS on the first Epitaph of the Scipios, which dates before that time, indicates either incorrectness in the copying or a later erection of the monument. When Greek words are written in Latin letters and vice versa, G always corresponds to G. Its sound was always hard, like Engl. g in gate, at least until the sixth century A. D.As an initial, g, in pure Latin words, enters into consonantal combination only with l and r; and therefore in words which, from their etymology, had the combination gn, the g was rejected in the classical period, and thus arose the class. forms nascor, natus, nosco, novi, notus, narus, navus, from the original gnascor, gnatus, gnosco, etc. (cf. the English gnaw, gnat, gnarr, etc., where the g has become silent); whereas in compounds the g again is often retained: cognatus, cognosco, ignarus, ignavus.—An initial g is dropped in lac (kindred to GALACT, gala), likewise in anser (kindred to Germ. Gans; Sanscr. hansa; Greek chên).As a medial, g combines with l, m, n, r, although it is sometimes elided before m in the course of formation; so in examen for exagmen from agmen; in contamino for contagmino (from con-TAG, tango). Before s the soft sound of g passes into the hard sound of c, and becomes blended with the s into x (v. the letter X); though sometimes the g (or c) is elided altogether, as in mulsi from mulgeo, indulsi from indulgeo; cf.: sparsus, mersus, tersus, etc. So too before t, as indultum from indulgeo. The medial g is often dropped between two vowels, and compensated for by lengthening the preced. vowel: māior from măgior, pulēium from pulēgium, āio from ăgio (root AG, Sanscr. ah, to say; cf. nego). Likewise the medial g is dropped in lēvis for legvis, Sanscr. laghn, fava for fagva, fruor for frugvor, flamma for flagma, stimulus for stigmulus, examen for exagmen; jumentum, from root jug-: sumen from sug-; cf.: umor, flamen, etc.As a final, g was only paragogic, acc. to Quint. 1, 7, 13, in the obsolete VESPERVG (for vesperu, analogous with noctu; v. Spald. ad loc.). Etymologically, g corresponds to an original Indo - European g or gh, or is weakened from c, k. Thus it stands where in Greek we have:

g, as ago, agô; ager, agros; argentum, arguros; genus, genos; fulgeo, phlegô, and so very commonly;

ch (usually before r, or in the middle of a word): ango, anchô; rigo, brechô; gratus, chairô, etc.;

k: viginti, eikosi; gubernator, kubernêtês; gummi, kommi, etc.—By assimilation, g was produced from b and d in oggero, suggero, aggero, etc., from obgero, sub-gero, ad-gero, etc.As an abbreviation, G denotes Galliarum, Gallica, gemina, Germania, genius, etc.; and sometimes Gaius (instead of the usual C); v. Inscr. Orell. 467; 1660; 4680:

G.P.R.F. genio populi Romani feliciter,

Inscr. Orell. 4957; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 76 sqq.; Roby, Lat. Gr. 1, 38 sqq.

G, g, indecl. n. or (on account of littera) f., had originally no place in the Latin alphabet: both the sharp and the flat guttural mutes, our k and g sounds, being represented by C; hence on the Columna Rostrata LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, (pu)CNANDOD, PVCN(ad), CARTACINIENSIS, for legiones, etc.; hence, too, the archaic form ACETARE for agitare (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 23 Müll. N. cr.), and the still common abbreviation of the names Gaius and Gneus in C and Cn.—At a later period (acc. to Plut. Qu. Rom. p. 277 D and 278 E, by means of a freedman of Spurius Carvilius Ruga, about the beginning of the second Punic war) a slight graphic alteration was made in the C, which introduced into the Roman orthography the letter G (on the old monuments C); thus we have in the S. C. de Bacchanal.: MAGISTER, MAGISTRATVM, FIGIER, GNOSCIER, AGRO; on the other hand, the orthography GNAIVOD PATRE PROGNATVS on the first Epitaph of the Scipios, which dates before that time, indicates either incorrectness in the copying or a later erection of the monument. When Greek words are written in Latin letters and vice versa, G always corresponds to G. Its sound was always hard, like Engl. g in gate, at least until the sixth century A. D.As an initial, g, in pure Latin words, enters into consonantal combination only with l and r; and therefore in words which, from their etymology, had the combination gn, the g was rejected in the classical period, and thus arose the class. forms nascor, natus, nosco, novi, notus, narus, navus, from the original gnascor, gnatus, gnosco, etc. (cf. the English gnaw, gnat, gnarr, etc., where the g has become silent); whereas in compounds the g again is often retained: cognatus, cognosco, ignarus, ignavus.—An initial g is dropped in lac (kindred to GALACT, gala), likewise in anser (kindred to Germ. Gans; Sanscr. hansa; Greek chên).As a medial, g combines with l, m, n, r, although it is sometimes elided before m in the course of formation; so in examen for exagmen from agmen; in contamino for contagmino (from con-TAG, tango). Before s the soft sound of g passes into the hard sound of c, and becomes blended with the s into x (v. the letter X); though sometimes the g (or c) is elided altogether, as in mulsi from mulgeo, indulsi from indulgeo; cf.: sparsus, mersus, tersus, etc. So too before t, as indultum from indulgeo. The medial g is often dropped between two vowels, and compensated for by lengthening the preced. vowel: māior from măgior, pulēium from pulēgium, āio from ăgio (root AG, Sanscr. ah, to say; cf. nego). Likewise the medial g is dropped in lēvis for legvis, Sanscr. laghn, fava for fagva, fruor for frugvor, flamma for flagma, stimulus for stigmulus, examen for exagmen; jumentum, from root jug-: sumen from sug-; cf.: umor, flamen, etc.As a final, g was only paragogic, acc. to Quint. 1, 7, 13, in the obsolete VESPERVG (for vesperu, analogous with noctu; v. Spald. ad loc.). Etymologically, g corresponds to an original Indo - European g or gh, or is weakened from c, k. Thus it stands where in Greek we have:

g, as ago, agô; ager, agros; argentum, arguros; genus, genos; fulgeo, phlegô, and so very commonly;

ch (usually before r, or in the middle of a word): ango, anchô; rigo, brechô; gratus, chairô, etc.;

k: viginti, eikosi; gubernator, kubernêtês; gummi, kommi, etc.—By assimilation, g was produced from b and d in oggero, suggero, aggero, etc., from obgero, sub-gero, ad-gero, etc.As an abbreviation, G denotes Galliarum, Gallica, gemina, Germania, genius, etc.; and sometimes Gaius (instead of the usual C); v. Inscr. Orell. 467; 1660; 4680:

G.P.R.F. genio populi Romani feliciter,

Inscr. Orell. 4957; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 76 sqq.; Roby, Lat. Gr. 1, 38 sqq.

impingo ( inp-), pēgi, pactum, 3 (archaic inf. pres. pass. impingier, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 76), v. a. [in-pango], to push, strike, or drive at or into any thing; to thrust, strike, or dash against (not freq. till after the Aug. per.; cf.: incutio, infligo, illido).

Lit.:

pugnum in os impinge,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 5:

mustriculam in dentes, Afran. ap. Fest. s. v. mustricula, p. 148 Müll.: a paucioribus Othonianis quo minus in vallum impingerentur,

would have been driven to, Tac. H. 2, 41:

impactus in carcerem,

Dig. 48, 3, 13; so, to forge on, fix or fasten on:

jubete huic crassas compedes impingier,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 76; id. Pers. 4, 4, 24; cf.: fustem alicui, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 9:

lapidem Aesopo,

Phaedr. 3, 5, 7:

laqueum alicui, Sen. Tranq. an. 10: caput parieti,

Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 12:

dentes arbori,

Plin. 8, 3, 4, § 8:

aequor scopulis,

Sil. 12, 187:

agmina muris,

Verg. A. 5, 805; Stat. Th. 7, 28:

impinge pugnum, si muttiverit,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 2:

pessimus gubernator, qui navem, dum portum egreditur, impegit,

Quint. 4, 1, 61:

clitellas ferus impingas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 8:

nubes vehementer impactae,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 12: impingere se in columnas, to dash one ' s self against, id. de Ira, 1, 19, 4:

cum caede magna (hostem) in aciem altiore superstantem tumulo inpegere,

Liv. 27, 18, 14.—

Prov.: calcem impingere alicui rei,

i. e. to give it a kick, to cast it aside, Petr. 46; v. calx. —

In gen., to hand, press upon, force upon one (rare):

huic calix mulsi impingendus est, ut plorare desinat,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44:

alicui epistulam,

id. Att. 6, 1, 6; Sen. Ep. 95:

oculum libidinose,

to cast upon, direct to, Tert. Idol. 2.—

Trop., to drive, throw upon, push or force to any thing:

illum libido in contraria impinget,

Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

aliquem in litem ac molestiam,

id. ib. 117: dicam tibi impingam grandem, I will direct or bring against you, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 92:

naturae munus suum,

to throw in her face, Sen. Prov. 6 fin.:

egestas Catilinam patriae suae impegit,

drove, incited him against, Flor. 3, 12, 12:

quod populos scelerata impegit in arma,

Luc. 6, 406:

beneficium,

Sen. Ben. 1, 1: quocumque visum est, libido se impingit, id. de Ira, 2, 8.

impingo ( inp-), pēgi, pactum, 3 (archaic inf. pres. pass. impingier, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 76), v. a. [in-pango], to push, strike, or drive at or into any thing; to thrust, strike, or dash against (not freq. till after the Aug. per.; cf.: incutio, infligo, illido).

Lit.:

pugnum in os impinge,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 5:

mustriculam in dentes, Afran. ap. Fest. s. v. mustricula, p. 148 Müll.: a paucioribus Othonianis quo minus in vallum impingerentur,

would have been driven to, Tac. H. 2, 41:

impactus in carcerem,

Dig. 48, 3, 13; so, to forge on, fix or fasten on:

jubete huic crassas compedes impingier,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 76; id. Pers. 4, 4, 24; cf.: fustem alicui, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 9:

lapidem Aesopo,

Phaedr. 3, 5, 7:

laqueum alicui, Sen. Tranq. an. 10: caput parieti,

Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 12:

dentes arbori,

Plin. 8, 3, 4, § 8:

aequor scopulis,

Sil. 12, 187:

agmina muris,

Verg. A. 5, 805; Stat. Th. 7, 28:

impinge pugnum, si muttiverit,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 2:

pessimus gubernator, qui navem, dum portum egreditur, impegit,

Quint. 4, 1, 61:

clitellas ferus impingas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 8:

nubes vehementer impactae,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 12: impingere se in columnas, to dash one ' s self against, id. de Ira, 1, 19, 4:

cum caede magna (hostem) in aciem altiore superstantem tumulo inpegere,

Liv. 27, 18, 14.—

Prov.: calcem impingere alicui rei,

i. e. to give it a kick, to cast it aside, Petr. 46; v. calx. —

In gen., to hand, press upon, force upon one (rare):

huic calix mulsi impingendus est, ut plorare desinat,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44:

alicui epistulam,

id. Att. 6, 1, 6; Sen. Ep. 95:

oculum libidinose,

to cast upon, direct to, Tert. Idol. 2.—

Trop., to drive, throw upon, push or force to any thing:

illum libido in contraria impinget,

Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

aliquem in litem ac molestiam,

id. ib. 117: dicam tibi impingam grandem, I will direct or bring against you, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 92:

naturae munus suum,

to throw in her face, Sen. Prov. 6 fin.:

egestas Catilinam patriae suae impegit,

drove, incited him against, Flor. 3, 12, 12:

quod populos scelerata impegit in arma,

Luc. 6, 406:

beneficium,

Sen. Ben. 1, 1: quocumque visum est, libido se impingit, id. de Ira, 2, 8.

nī (old orthography nei, v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [identical with ne and the prim. form, whence nisi, i. e. si ni].

Adv., like ne, an absolutely negative particle, not. —So only in the combinations,

Quid ni? or, in one word, quidni? why not? quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27:

quid ego ni fleam?

id. ib. 4, 8, 1: quidni, inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. quidni.—

Nimirum, lit. not wonderful; v. nimirum.—

Conj., like ne, in imperative and intentional clauses, not, that not (ante-class. and poet.):

ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3: vinum aliudve quid ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.:

QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc.,

Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40:

IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE,

Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643:

(lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret,

Prop. 2, 7, 2:

obstabat vallum, ni instent acies,

Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne):

monent... ni teneant cursus,

Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—

As a conditional negative (= si non, nisi), if not, unless, but that.

In gen.

With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he summon him before court, if he go not, then he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.:

nam ni illum recipit, nihil est quo me recipiam,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35:

ni offerumentas habebis plures in tergo tuo, etc.,

id. Rud. 3, 4, 48:

mirum ni domi est,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 19:

moriar ni puto, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1:

ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes,

Verg. A. 1, 392:

si is homo moritur, probe factum... ni moritur, tum, etc.,

Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—

With subj.: quid ploras, pater?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus sum, it's a wonder I don't sing (ironically), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

dicerem, quae ante futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4:

ni ita se res haberet,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni tamen exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73:

ni faciat,

Verg. A. 1, 58:

omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant,

id. ib. 2, 178:

nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni fama... animos fregisset,

Liv. 32, 31, 2:

ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla sit pacis condicio,

id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—

In partic.

In formal lang. of law, in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.:

cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77:

judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit,

Liv. 3, 57:

tum illud quod dicitur sive nive irrident, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 23, 65:

cedo qui cum habeam judicem, Ni dolo malo instipulatus sis. nive etiam dum siem Quinque et viginti annos natus,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (v. the passage in connection); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9: id ni fit, mecum pignus, si quis volt, dato in urnam mulsi, that it is not so, bet me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35; id. Poen. 5, 4, 72. —

Ni quis scivit (if any one has not voted), the name of a centuria created by Servius Tullius for those to vote in who had not voted in their own centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—

For nisi quod, Amm. 22, 11 fin. —

Ni forte, for nisi forte:

ni forte satius est, etc.,

Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, nisi), Quint. 11, 2, 27.

nī (old orthography nei, v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [identical with ne and the prim. form, whence nisi, i. e. si ni].

Adv., like ne, an absolutely negative particle, not. —So only in the combinations,

Quid ni? or, in one word, quidni? why not? quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27:

quid ego ni fleam?

id. ib. 4, 8, 1: quidni, inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. quidni.—

Nimirum, lit. not wonderful; v. nimirum.—

Conj., like ne, in imperative and intentional clauses, not, that not (ante-class. and poet.):

ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3: vinum aliudve quid ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.:

QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc.,

Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40:

IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE,

Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643:

(lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret,

Prop. 2, 7, 2:

obstabat vallum, ni instent acies,

Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne):

monent... ni teneant cursus,

Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—

As a conditional negative (= si non, nisi), if not, unless, but that.

In gen.

With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he summon him before court, if he go not, then he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.:

nam ni illum recipit, nihil est quo me recipiam,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35:

ni offerumentas habebis plures in tergo tuo, etc.,

id. Rud. 3, 4, 48:

mirum ni domi est,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 19:

moriar ni puto, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1:

ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes,

Verg. A. 1, 392:

si is homo moritur, probe factum... ni moritur, tum, etc.,

Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—

With subj.: quid ploras, pater?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus sum, it's a wonder I don't sing (ironically), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

dicerem, quae ante futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4:

ni ita se res haberet,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni tamen exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73:

ni faciat,

Verg. A. 1, 58:

omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant,

id. ib. 2, 178:

nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni fama... animos fregisset,

Liv. 32, 31, 2:

ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla sit pacis condicio,

id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—

In partic.

In formal lang. of law, in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.:

cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77:

judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit,

Liv. 3, 57:

tum illud quod dicitur sive nive irrident, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 23, 65:

cedo qui cum habeam judicem, Ni dolo malo instipulatus sis. nive etiam dum siem Quinque et viginti annos natus,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (v. the passage in connection); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9: id ni fit, mecum pignus, si quis volt, dato in urnam mulsi, that it is not so, bet me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35; id. Poen. 5, 4, 72. —

Ni quis scivit (if any one has not voted), the name of a centuria created by Servius Tullius for those to vote in who had not voted in their own centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—

For nisi quod, Amm. 22, 11 fin. —

Ni forte, for nisi forte:

ni forte satius est, etc.,

Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, nisi), Quint. 11, 2, 27.

ob-dūco, xi, ctum ( inf. perf. sync. obduxe, Arg. ad Plaut. Merc. 7), 3, v. a., to lead or draw before, lead or conduct against or towards, to draw or bring forward or around, draw over (class. and very freq.; syn.: obtendo, obtego).

Lit.:

ad oppidum exercitum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 13: vim Gallicam obduc contra in acie, Att. ap. Non. 224, 13:

Curium,

Cic. Att. 1, 1, 2: ab utroque latere collis transversam fossam obduxit, drew forward, drew, made, or extended a trench, Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

vela,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21: vestem, to draw on or over, Tac. A. 4, 70; Curt. 6, 5, 27:

seram,

to draw, close, fasten, Prop. 5, 5, 48:

callum,

to draw over, Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 3.—

Transf.

To cover by drawing over; to cover over, overspread, surround, envelop:

trunci obducuntur libro, aut cortice,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

operimento,

id. Leg. 2, 22, 56; Verg. E. 1, 49:

vultus, of the sun,

Ov. M. 2, 330:

caput,

Luc. 9, 109:

semina cortice,

Plin. 19, 7, 36, § 119:

obducta cicatrix,

a closed, healed scar, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 4; Curt. 8, 10, 31:

obductā nocte,

overcast, cloudy, dark, Nep. Hann. 5, 2; Curt. 8, 13, 25.—

To close, shut up ( poet.):

obducta penetralia Phoebi,

Luc. 5, 67:

fores,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 1548. mors oculos coepit obducere, Petr. S. 19.—

To draw in, drink down, swallow:

venenum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

potionem,

Sen. Prov. 3, 12: pultarium mulsi, to drink up, Petr. 42.—

To swallow up, overwhelm:

uti eos, eum exercitum, eos hostes, eosque homines, urbes agrosque eorum... obducatis (an imprecation to the gods below),

Macr. S. 3, 9, 10.—

To contract, wrinkle, knit the brow:

obductā solvatur fronte senectus,

Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

frontem,

Juv. 9, 2:

vultum,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 1, 5.—

To injure, harm (late Lat.):

stomachum,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 2, 28.—

To bring home in opposition or rivalry to another:

eum putat uxor sibi Obduxe scortum,

Plaut. Merc. Arg. 1, 7.—

Trop.

To draw or spread over: obsidionem, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 198 Müll. (Trag. v. 11 Vahl.):

clarissimis rebus tenebras obducere,

i. e. to darken, obscure, Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 16:

paulatim tenebris sese obducentibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 143.—

Transf.

To cover, conceal:

obductus verbis dolor,

Verg. A. 10, 64:

obductos rescindere luctus,

Ov. M. 12, 543:

rei publicae obducere cicatricem,

Cic. Leg. Agr. 3, 2, 4.—

Qs., to draw out, i. e. to pass, spend time:

itaque obduxi posterum diem,

Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1.

per-mulcĕo, mulsi, sum, and ctum, 2, v. a., to rub gently, to stroke.

Lit.: ut pulverem Manibus isdem, quibus Ulixi saepe permulsi, abluam, Pac. ap. Gell. 2, 26, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 90 Rib.); so, aliquem manu, Ov F. 4, 551: capite permulso, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 871 P.:

barbam,

Liv. 5, 41:

alicui malas,

Suet. Ner. 1:

comas,

Ov. M. 2, 733.—

Transf.

To touch gently: aram flatu permulcet spiritus austri, blows softly upon, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 44, 114:

arteriae leni voce permulsae,

Auct. Her. 3, 12, 21:

medicatā lumina virgā,

Ov. M. 1, 716; Cat. 62, 162.—

To soften:

cera picem lenitate permulcet,

Pall. 10, 11, 2.—

Trop.

To charm, please, delight, flatter, fondle:

sensum voluptate,

Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

aures,

id. Or. 49, 163:

aliquem permulcere atque allicere,

id. de Or. 2, 78, 315:

aures cantibus,

Sil. 11, 292:

his verbis vacuas permulceat auris,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 26.—

To soothe, appease, allay, tame:

eorum animis permulsis et confirmatis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 6:

pectora dictis,

Verg. A. 5, 816: liberalibus verbis permulcti sunt, Sall. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 871 P.:

iram alicujus,

Liv. 39, 23:

aliquem mitibus verbis,

Tac. A. 2, 34:

comitate militem,

id. ib. 1, 29:

animos,

Lucr. 5, 21:

senectutem,

to mitigate, Cic. Sen. 2, 4.